Water Availability, Access, and Demand
keywords
waterfootprint liters1day
internalwaterfootprint howmuchofthatparticularfootprintlieswithinacountry
externalwaterfootprint howmuchisrelatedtowaterinimportedproducts
hydrologicalcycle constantrecyclingofwater
distributionofEarth'swater
70 ofEarthiscovered
wwaterbutmostofthewaterissaltyandnotusablefor
humanactivities
thereisnosubstitutionforwaterfreshwaterisalimitedresource
2.5 ofallwateronEarthisfresh
o007 ofEarth'sfreshwaterisconsidered economicallyavailabletopeople
waterstress
waterstressisaconseauenceof2typesofwaterscarcity
physicalwaterscarcityresultsfrominadequateavailabilityofnaturalwaterresourcestosupply
aregion'sdemandAround1.2billionpeoplecurrentlyliveinareasofphysicalscarcity
another500millionareapproachingthissituation
economicwaterscarcityoccurseitherduetoacountry'slackofnecessary
infrastructuretotakewaterfromrivers aquifersanddeliverittotheirpopulation
ormeapopulationcan'taffordtouseanimprovedwatersourceSome1.6billion
peoplecurrentlyfacethisproblem
In2010theUNGArecognizedtherightofeveryhumanto
haveaccesstosufficientwater1estimated 50toolor
about13.526.5gallonspercapitaperdayforpersonal
domesticusesThatwatermustbe
safefreeofmicroorganisms chemical
contaminants
affordable nomorethan3 ofhouseholdincome
physicallyaccessible within1ooomofhomewcollectiontimenot
exceeding30mins
lt ac YtT S
w ao
2availabilityofsanitationservices1facilities isoftenrelated
3amountofwaterusedpercapitaineachsector4e agriculturedomesticandindustrial topoverty
w
Millennium development goals MDGs
pledgestoreducethenumberofpplwholiveinextremepovertyOnegoalwastoreduce
byhalftheproportionofpplwo
Sustainableaccesstosafedrinkingwater basicsanitationAccesstosafedrinkingwaterismeasured
bymonitoringaccess
toimprovedwatersources theMDGwasabletoacheme88 globalaccess
by2015