Mendelian genetics summary
mendelian genetics
organisms all are made of cells with common features of the genetic code
that get passed on to their decent protein synthesis acommonfunction
isshared storage transmition of genetic information
on
a shared protein synthesis process based on nucleic transcription
acid sequence by utilizing ribosomes run
3 sharedmetabolic processes
e.gcellularrespiration
protein
onusingribosome
Mendel's Laws describe the inheritance of genes traits on different chromosomes
definitions
gene a codeforatraitinherited recessivealleles willonlysnowiftwoareinherited
trait geneticallydeterminedenarectoristic genotype combination of inheritedalleles
allele specificvariation ofgenefromeachparent homozygous twoofthesamealleles
dominantalleles winalwayssnowin phenotype heterozygous twodifferentallelesalwaysexpressdominant
1 Lawofsegregation eachtrait is defined by the random formationof a gene pair
occurs in meiosis probability
maintainsgenetic variation
parent a parent a monohybridcrosstodetermineprobability ofhomochromosomesalleles
Pl Rrx Rr
R r
m
L m chance
RrR RR homozygousdominantRr
u u u d asahomozygousrecessive
sin in a r Rr rr
usedforcrossingone is 3
manypossiblevariationsofallelesduring fertilization trait
sinceparentsgenomesaresplitwhenforminggametes
manyairserent possible
eg offspringgenotypeane
sym
est skimegg
incomplete dominace occurs in heterozygousonly codominance occurs in heteroyousonly
dominantphenotype is nottheonlyonein phenotype
proteins of bothalleles are readequally
dominantallele is not complete expressedwhenwithrecessive
bothalleles are expressed as if dominant
examplecolour
a
d
examplecolour
rk9 rr
car
heterozygousoffspring neitheraver
ee
expressedas if
Éisanintermediate isdominant
area phenotype